Which of the following is a risk factor for problematic AOD use?

• A. Strong family support
• B. Peer pressure
• C. Healthy friendships
• D. School connectedness

Answer: (B)

Peer pressure is a key driver of risk for problematic AOD use because social influence during adolescence can shape what you think is normal or acceptable. When friends or a peer group normalize drinking or drug use, someone may try substances to fit in, gain acceptance, or avoid standing out. The desire to belong can be strong, and it can push a person to experiment or continue using, even if they’re aware of the potential harms. This social nudging can also affect how they view norms and consequences, making substance use seem like a standard part of teenage life.

Protective factors help counter this risk: strong family support provides guidance and monitoring, healthy friendships offer positive social circles that don’t revolve around substances, and school connectedness gives a sense of belonging and clear expectations about behavior. These elements can strengthen an individual’s ability to resist pressure and delay or avoid substance use altogether.